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Historical Event(s)
– The last execution for witchcraft in Germany takes place.
– The first abolition society in North America is established. The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush.
– American Revolutionary War: A small Colonial militia led by Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold captures Fort Ticonderoga.
– American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
– American Revolutionary War: the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
– King George III declares that the American colonies exist in a state of open and avowed rebellion.
– Benedict Arnold’s expedition to Quebec leaves Cambridge, Massachusetts.
– American Revolutionary War: The Invasion of Canada begins with the Siege of Fort St. Jean.
– Ethan Allen surrenders to British forces after attempting to capture Montreal during the Battle of Longue-Pointe. At the same time, Benedict Arnold and his expeditionary company set off from Fort Western, bound for Quebec City (Invasion of Canada (1775)).
– The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy).
Who Were Born On ?
– André-Marie Ampère, French physicist (d. 1836)
– Walter Savage Landor, English writer (d. 1864)
– Farkas Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1856)
– Louisa Adams, First Lady of the United States (1825–1829), widow of John Quincy Adams (d. 1852)
– Muthuswami Dikshitar, South Indian poet and composer, considered one of the musical trinity of Carnatic music (d. 1835)
– Lucien Bonaparte, French politician, soldier and academic (d. 1840)
– Matthew Lewis, English novelist (d. 1818)
– Daniel O'Connell, Irish politician (d. 1847)
– Philander Chase, American founder of Kenyon College (d. 1852)
– François-Adrien Boïeldieu, French composer (d. 1834)