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Historical Event(s)
– The British Institution of Civil Engineers is founded
– Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte ascends to the thrones of Sweden and Norway.
– Bernardo O'Higgins formally approved the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.
– Second Battle of Cancha Rayada – Spanish forces defeated Chileans under José de San Martín.
– The United States Congress adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (then 20).
– In the Battle of Maipú, Chile’s independence movement – led by Bernardo O'Higgins and José de San Martín – win a decisive victory over Spain, leaving 2,000 Spaniards and 1,000 Chilean patriots dead.
– The United States Senate ratifies the Rush-Bagot Treaty, establishing the border with Canada.
– The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld.
– Illinois becomes the 21st state in the union of the United States.
– The first performance of “Silent Night” takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.
Who Were Born On ?
– Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon, French sculptor and photographer (d. 1881)
– William M. Evarts, American lawyer and statesman (d. 1901)
– Mariano Álvarez, Filipino general (d. 1924)
– Marie of Saxe-Altenburg, queen of Hanover (d. 1909)
– Jacob Burckhardt, Swiss historian (d. 1897)
– Adolf Anderssen, German chess player (d. 1879)
– Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)
– John Henninger Reagan, American politician (d. 1905)
– George Brown, Scottish-born Canadian journalist and politician, one of the Fathers of Confederation (d. 1880)