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Historical Event(s)
– American Civil War: The Ship becomes the first submarine to engage and sink a warship, the USS Housatonic.
– Theta Xi fraternity is founded at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the only fraternity to be founded during the Civil War.
– American Civil War: Battle of Ware Bottom Church – in the Virginia Bermuda Hundred Campaign, 10,000 troops fight in this Confederate victory.
– Russia declares an end to the Russian-Circassian War and many Circassians are forced into exile. The day is designated the Circassian Day of Mourning.
– Montana is organized as a United States territory.
– Arlington National Cemetery is established when 200 acre around Arlington Mansion (formerly owned by Confederate General Robert E. Lee) are officially set aside as a military cemetery by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
– Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking – The Qing Dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
– 12 nations sign the First Geneva Convention. The Red Cross is formed.
– The Indian city of Calcutta is almost totally destroyed by a cyclone; 60,000 die.
– American Civil War: Battle of Spring Hill – A Confederate advance into Tennessee misses an opportunity to crush the Union Army. General John Bell Hood is angered, which leads to the Battle of Franklin.
Who Were Born On ?
– Julije Kempf, Croatian historian and writer (d. 1934)
– Joseph Baptista, Indian Home Rule Movement founder (d. 1930)
– Max Weber, German economist and sociologist (d. 1920)
– Ransom E. Olds, American pioneer (d. 1950)
– Apolinario Mabini, Filipino political theoretician (d. 1903)
– James F. Hinkle, American politician (d. 1951)
– Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian composer (d. 1956)
– Herman Heijermans, Dutch writer (d. 1924)
– René Georges Hermann-Paul, French artist (d. 1940)
– Robert Grant Aitken, American astronomer (d. 1951)